Abstract:
In India rapid development and expansion of the road network and the increase in number of motor vehicles have led to a substantial rise in levels of both passenger and freight movement. Concomitantly safety related issues have emerged. The number of road accidents and fatalities has been growing in recent years The increasing rate of accidents on roads add a question mark on safety of highways. So to manage them is of vital importance. For management first and foremost is we should be able to measure it. Every year nearly 1, 30,000 persons are report killed and more than 5, 00,000 are injured on Indian roads. An accident takes place every 1.5 minutes and in every 6.2 minutes a person in road accidents. The national highways constitute only 2% of the total road network but carry 40% of the traffic and accounts for 25%of road accidents, out of which 34% lead to fatalities and 28% to injuries.
Accident information system is defined as a process of developing an accident database, identifying accident prone locations and evolving corrective measures.
Accident black spot is a location, whether link or node, on a highway where accidents repeatedly occur or a large number of accidents occur over a period of time. In this thesis report a methodology for identification of accident spots on a highway by using GIS software has been presented.
The transportation community has begun to identify the necessity of development of comprehensive performance measure for traffic safety. From last decade significant research has been going on. Most of studies done in previous years include any one of the dimensions (e.g. fatality rate). Through an Accident Information System, multiple parameters can be handled easily.
Keywords: Accident information system, GIS software.
