ESTIMATION OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION USING TEMPERATURE AND RADIATION BASED TECHNIQUES OVER BEAS BASIN AND ITS IMPACT ON SNOWMELT RUNOFF

Abstract

In this regularly changing habitat, the availability and distribution of water will differ everywhere in the world. Water availability, both as surface water and groundwater, is vital for agriculture, human consumption, industry, and energy generation. In order to keep the track of water is it mandatory and necessary to know the scow cover area and water discharge and it will be a key factor in future projects. As a research student it is our duty to make sure that our future generation will be in no danger so we need to make sure that the rate of water through discharge is sufficient so that it could provide help to the everywhere living in India. This could only be possible if proper management is done. So looking at the water budget equation to most important terms are discharge and evapotranspiration and this thesis work will show the trend of both by using different methods. In order to manage the water resources, an assessment of the quantity and quality of available water is important. For the assessment studies, water balance approach is needed. To solve the water budget equation with minimum error, all the components must be perfectly estimated. Water balance components such as Runsoff, Evapotranspiration, Soil generating the liquid moisture, Base flow can be computed from respective methods. Since evapotranspiration (ET) is one of the important element in water balance equation, we will be majorly focusing on ET as it is our prime interest. There are several methods of calculating the evapotranspiration but the one which will be focused in this thesis are Thornwaite, Hargreaves, Hamon, Priestley and Penman methods. Thornwaite and Hamon are Temperature based techniques whereas Hargreaves and Priestley are radiation-based techniques which require radiation data (i.e. solar radiation). The impact of snowmelt runoff on basin hydrology is perceived by SRM technique. The work done will show some trend of water balance terms in different months and where it is maximum and minimum. The month in which will be maximum will be the month where we as a team need to keep the projects aside so that there is no harm and no loss of cost. During the course of study we have use Modeling of Snowmelt Runoff in the region of Beas basin by using data of MODIS and SRTM digital elevation model (DEM) finally into the desktop software of snowmelt runoff model WinSRM. The results shown will be in the form of evapotranspiration during a particular time period. And our objective will be to relate evapotranspiration with the impact on Snowmelt runoff.