QUALITY OF WORK LIFE AND ROLE CLARITY AS PREDICTORS OF ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR

Abstract

The present study basically aimed to study the functions of quality of work life and role clarity on organizational citizenship behaviour. The present study initially examined the occurrence of perceptual differences in the variables under study (quality of work life, role clarity and organizational citizenship behaviour) due to demographic differences (gender, position, type of organization). The present exploration also tried to examine the relationships, dimensions of quality of work life (i.e. Supervisor/manager support; job satisfaction; freedom from work related stress; salary & additional benefits; relationship with work colleagues; involvement & responsibility at work; communication, decision making & job security) and role clarity (i.e. coworker related role clarity; work related role clarity; appraisal related role clarity) had with organizational citizenship behaviour. In addition, the present study examined the causal relationship of quality of work life and organizational citizenship behaviour through role clarity. Similarly, the mediating effect of quality of work life on the relationship of role clarity and organizational citizenship behaviour was also tested. Besides, the conditional effect of demographic variables (gender, position and type of organization) on causal relationship of quality of work life, role clarity and organizational citizenship behaviour was examined. For the purpose of the study, primary responses were collected from 375 Indian managers (male & female, and junior, middle & senior) of 22 Indian organizations (both from public & private sector) located in mainly northern, central and eastern part of the country. Due to vast population size, judgmental sampling has been preferred for data collection. Collected responses were analyzed by using SPSS 17 and AMOS 20. Since the design of the study is multivariate, therefore, data was checked for missing values, normality, linearity, reliability, and nonmulticollinearity. After ascertaining the appropriateness of the data set, descriptive statistics (Mean, standard deviation and correlation coefficients) were calculated. Next to this, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were employed respectively to obtain the factor structure and fitness of the obtained factor pattern on the focused sample. In third phase of analysis, study hypotheses were tested; test of differences such as independent sample t test and one way ANOVA, multiple regressions and multiple hierarchical regressions were employed. Mediation analysis using Baron and Kenny (1986) recommendations was performed with Hierarchical regression analysis. Moderation analysis using Aiken and West (1991) recommendations was performed with multiple regression analysis. Overall model was also tested through structural equation modeling (SEM). iv Conclusively, research findings indicates evidences of perceptual difference in study variables due to demographic variance. Research findings also suggest that presence of quality of work life and role clarity can boost organizational citizenship behaviour in employees. Additionally, demographic variables i.e. gender and type of organization were found to be important moderator of the causal paths between quality of work life, role clarity and organizational citizenship behaviour. The present study has many key implications with it. Firstly, it established the reliability and validity of instruments for measuring the quality of work life, role clarity and organizational citizenship behaviour in Indian context. Subsequently, it exhibited the functions of quality of work life and role clarity on organizational citizenship behaviour through testing a complex mediation and moderation models and therefore, added in the existing literature. Present work also recommends the relevance of employing SEM in pursuance of complex casual behaviour models. Strategies to achieve organizational citizenship through increased quality of work life and role clarity of organizational members could be drawn on these research findings