Abstract:
The post-mortem analysis of the major blackouts in the history made power system
experts to concentrate more in the field of monitoring of the grid therefore advanced
wide are monitoring has become necessary to maintain the stability of the network.
Advanced monitoring is done here by the use of PMU-Synchrophasor Device and by its
implementation on real time digital simulator (RTDS).
The main contribution of this dissertation is a scheme for optimal phase measurement
unit (PMU) placement based on superset and depth of unobservability concept. PMU
placement is done in various phases by ensuring that the set of the placed PMUs in the
next phase will be a superset of the previous phase. The proposed scheme is modification
of spanning tree method with additional constraints. This scheme is verified by placing
PMUs on various locations equal in nos. placed in spanning tree method in standard
IEEE 14 bus test system. By the complete knowledge of states of the system, stability
prediction of the buses is possible by the use of stability indices in any complex power
system network. The outputs of the PMUs are utilized directly for determining the
stability index. After getting optimum resultant locations of PMUs, the measurements
received from the placed PMUs are used to determine the fast voltage stability index
(FVSI) for further monitoring of the power system network. Testing of PMUs is very
much necessary for its applications and further process of data for simple visualization
of any complex network.
To validate all the objectives, the complete scheme has been implemented on RTDS to
achieve the values of the index at very high data rate. Successful placement of PMUs
at optimal locations of the IEEE 14 bus test system on real time simulation test bed
will show values of the states at sampling rate of 48 samples per second. So, the values
of FVSI getting after PMU measurements will be extremely dynamic and it is possible
to predict the voltage stability of the buses more accurately or to maintain complete
network stability.
