DESIGN STUDIES OF PLANAR INVERTED F-ANTENNA WITH METAMATERIAL REFLECTIVE SURFACE

Abstract

Electromagnetic metamaterials will address the major objectives of future emerging technology playing a key role in providing new functionalities and enhancements to the future electronic devices and components, such as high-speed circuits, multifunctional smart miniature antennas and apertures, high resolution imaging systems, smart skins, etc. These systems are built on substrates and superstrates whose electromagnetic response functions define the design and performance of the systems. This research field provides new challenges which bring together people in different levels of research, from mathematical to system-oriented. High performance, compact size and low cost are the primary requisite of modern microwave communication systems. Various technologies have been developed to fulfill these requirements such as Substrate Integrate Waveguide (SIW), Photonic Band Gap Structures (PBG), Electromagnetic Gap Structures (EBG), Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSS), Defected Ground Structures (DGS), Electromagnetic Metamaterial (MTM) structures and so on. Among these Metamaterials are relatively new and the potential application of these special classes of materials has drawn much attention in last few decades. The potential application of metamaterial structure to realize super lenses, the Invisibility Cloaking, bending of microwave and electromagnetic shielding are the land marks. The application of Metamaterials in the field of planar inverted f-antennas have gone a longer patch to enhance its performance like increasing directivity, gain, bandwidth, size reduction, side lobe ratio (SLR) reduction as well as in realization of beam scanning antennas. To realize a high gain, high directivity and enhanced bandwidth for 6.1 GHz, a multilayered metamaterial reflective surface as an antenna superstrate has been proposed. Also for approximately same frequency of operation, a planar inverted f-antenna (PIFA) has been developed. In this dissertation, some basic principles of metamaterial structures have been studied. A literature survey has been done to explore the applications of Metamaterials to planar inverted f-antennas. Thereafter, a novel metamaterial planar inverted fv antenna with increased gain, directivity and bandwidth has been proposed. The designs were optimized using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique in built in CST Microwave Studio v.11. Using commercially available software (HFSS), simulations have been carried out on a unit cell metamaterial in the microwave regime. The S-parameters are obtained from the periodic boundary setup simulation and are used to retrieve the effective permittivity and permeability with which we can estimate electromagnetic behavior of array of metamaterial. MATLAB codes have been developed to calculate material constitutive parameters needed for the project.