DETECTION AND PREVENTION OF WORMHOLE ATTACK ON MULTIPATH ROUTING PROTOCOL OF MOBILE ADHOC NETWORKS

Abstract

Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of nodes that communicate with each other without any fixed infrastructure. The nodes also act as router which finds routes to other nodes in the network. Routing is an important aspect of MANETs which is used to find the route and to send data from source to destination nodes. Traditionally, routing protocols were focused on performance only. But security is also an important aspect. Due to limited bandwidth, limited storage capacity, dynamic topology, shared medium, open peer to peer communication, security in MANETs is difficult to implement as compared to wired networks. There are number of attacks on routing protocols like routing table overflow attack, black hole attack, wormhole attack, route cache poisoning, sybill attack, modification, fabrication, location spoofing attacks etc. which affect the functioning of MANETs and degrade the performance. So there is need to secure routing protocols so that their functioning is not affected and performance is not degraded due to these attacks. In this dissertation work, detection and prevention of wormhole attack on multipath routing protocol is proposed. DSR (Dynamic Source Routing) is converted in to multipath routing protocol by changing the way intermediate node forwards the route request packet. The QualNet 5.0.2 simulator is used to validate the proposed approach. Two new packets Dummy Request and Dummy Reply are introduced to check the vulnerability of the path. The format of these packets is same as route reply except the option type. The performance parameters used are packet delivery ratio and throughput. The results show that packet delivery ratio and throughput under wormhole attack is less as compared to protocol without wormhole attack and the MRWDPDP (Multipath Routing Wormhole Detection and Prevention using Dummy Packet) improves the packet delivery ratio and throughput of multipath routing protocol under wormhole attack.