PRACTICES USED IN TRAINING AND CONTROL OF MAJOR HIMALAYAN RIVERS - A CASE STUDY ON TRAINING- AND REHABILITATION OF RIVER GANGA AT KANPUR

Abstract

The Himalaya exercise a dominant influence on meteorological conditions over_x000D_ the Indian subcontinent as well as on its physical geography and they vitally affect the entire area and its water, circulation system. Vast reservoir of water in the form of ice, snow fields and glaciers, give rise to many large rivers and innumerable streams which constitutes three major rivers, the Brahmputra, Ganga, and Indus. The peculiar character of theie rivers such as outflanking bank erosion, aggradation, degradation, meandering and. shift of river course in its mountainous, sub-mountainous, alluvial and deltaic regions are caused by complex fluvial phenomenon and till today not fully understood._x000D_ On account of training and control of the major Himalayan rivers various practices such as Spur, Levees, Guide Banks, Weir, Barrage, etc. have been very popular measures adopted in the recent years. However in spite of several measures adopted to train and control these mighty rivers no such full proof methodology and technique could be developed even today. There is always a necessity of suitable sustainable, and cost effective remedial measures to be chosen while dealing with these mighty rivers to maximise the benefits out of its vast water resources and minimise the negative aspects like, floods, bank erosion, shifting of river course etc. and research activity in the field of river engineering....