TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND THE CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM- THE CASE OF INDIAN PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY

Abstract

Climate change is one of the biggest environmental concerns of our time and the green house gasses (GHG) are the major contributor for climate change. GHG includes CO2, CH4, PFC, HFC, NO, SF6. CO2 contributes 57% of GHG and no country can delink GDP and CO2emissions. Industrial sectors are the major emitter of carbon and the Pulp & Paper industry is the sixth most energy intensive industry and hence is a large emitter of Greenhouse gases (GHG) in many parts of the world. In India, Pulp and Paper industry is highly fragmented and more than 90% of the mills are small and medium size with obsolete process technologies. Indian Paper industry has a huge potential of reducing around 9 Million Equivalent TonCO2/Year. Here in this report, the challenge was to bring together the profound insights about the technology and the structure of the pulp and paper industry both in Europe and India as well as the knowledge of the CDM process and market. By combining these aspects, the project aims at assessing the CDM's potential for technology transfer to the Indian pulp and paper industry. More specifically, the work was focused on: (i) Analysis of the technological standard in the Indian and European pulp and paper industry, (ii) Comparison of the pulp and paper industries in. India and Europe based on their technological standards, their energy consumption and their GHG emissions profile, (iii) assessment of the CDM projects in the Indian pulp and paper industry, (iv) design of a questionnaire that has been sent to more than 360 paper industries and which laid the foundation for more detailed case studies in 6 paper mills (which have implemented CDM projects only). The whole study also provides help to design a technology matrix for CDM opportunities in Indian pulp and paper industry.