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Title: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT CONTRIBUTION ASSESSMENT OF CDM BASED RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS
Authors: Samal, Rajat Kanti
Keywords: WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT;CDM BASED RENEWABLE ENERGY PROJECTS;KYOTO PROTOCOL;FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEMS
Issue Date: 2012
Abstract: With the advancement in human knowledge through rapid progress in science and technology, human beings have incurred major changes in natural processes through their various activities. As a result, a myriad of problems have been created and continue to do so; which may challenge us for many decades into the future. 1987 Brundtland report "Our common future" by the UN World Commission on Environment and Development defined the term sustainability as "Meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability for future generations to meet theirs". The Kyoto Protocol adopted on 11 December 1997 was the first major global collective effort at addressing climate change. The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is one of the "flexibility" mechanisms defined in the Kyoto Protocol. Under the Clean Development Mechanism, emission-reduction projects in developing countries can earn certified emission reduction credits. These saleable credits can be used by industrialized countries to meet a part of their emission reduction targets. In the face of the double whammy of energy crisis and environmental impact of coal-based thermal power plants, renewable energy sources come to the rescue. Sources like small hydropower, wind energy and solar are becoming the preferred option. Due to lack of time and resources with the government, Independent Power Producers (IPPs) are being encouraged to develop renewable energy projects. Renewable energy developers can take advantage of CDM. -. This will not only help them have the required funds to finance their projects but also contribute towards sustainable development of the region concerned. In this work, the process of preparation, submission, validation and registration of CDM based project documents is studied. Project Design Documents (PDD) and :other documents for projects already registered with CDM Executive Board are reviewed. Also, , some of the proposed methodologies for evaluating a CDM project's contribution to sustainable development are. discussed. Based on these . reviews and consultation with- experts sustainable development indicators and sub-indicators for a region are established (also referred to as objectives and criteria in this work). Suitability of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques in the context of sustainable development contribution of CDM based renewable projects is explored and it is found that they are well suited for this purpose. Analytical Hierarchy Process -(AHP) is used to determine. weights of objective and criteria. Opinions of experts in Water Resources Engineering (WRE), Hydropower Engineering (HPE), Energy System Planning and - Economics (ESP), Human- Resource Management (HRM) and Civil Society (CSG) are'used to evaluate these weights: The use of fuzzy numbers to determine the weights is also illustrated and this can be used in lieu of AHP whenever required. Fuzzy inference systems (FIS) are used to evaluate four of the registered CDM projects for their expected contribution to sustainable development of the region concerned. A quantified value in 0-1 scale is the result of this evaluation. The PDD and other documents available at CDM website for these projects were used as the basis of this evaluation. It must be emphasized that this evaluation is only illustrative and has no bearing, on actual impact of-these projects on sustainable development. If some information were not .available in these document appropriate interpolation or extrapolation were made, the whole purpose being. illustrating., the -proposed-methodologies for sustainable development contribution • assessment. Finally_, compromise. programming technique is used to rank the selected projects based on their expected sustainable development contribution.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3647
Other Identifiers: M.Tech
Research Supervisor/ Guide: Kansal, M. L.
metadata.dc.type: M.Tech Dessertation
Appears in Collections:MASTERS' THESES (WRDM)

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