GEOLOGY OF THE AREA AROUND BANGHAT VILLAGE, DISTT. PAURI GARHWAL U.P.

Abstract

Location and Accessibility: The investigated area lies mainly around Banghat village (Longitude E 78° 41'30" and Latitude N 29° 57' 12" ) district Pauri Garhwal, Uttar Pradesh. The investigated region covers an area of nearly six-teen squire kilometers lying between the longitudes E 78° 40' - E 78° 42' 40" and latitudes N 29° 55' 30" -- N 29° 58' 35" . The area is included in the Survey of India one inch Topo sheet No. 53—. The nearest railway station is Kotdwara, a terminus on the Northern Railway, connected with Naziba-bad Junction. From Kot;kwara, there is a road to Pawrl and to reach Banghat, one has to get down at Satpuli, which is 56 Kms. from Kotdwara. From Satpuli there is a Kachcha road upto Banghat, (Mot orable during winter and Summer), a distance of 5 Kms., which has to be covered on foot. Terminalia balerica - - - - Bahera Terminal itomentosa - - - - Sam Phyllanthus emblica - - - - Amla Mallotus Phili.ppinensis - - Rohini Cudrania javanensis - - - - Gular Berberics sp. - - - - Ber Mangifera indica - - - - Mango tree Cultivated land forms hardly 15 percent Q1It of the area the hill slopes where terrace forming is done. Paddy and maize are the main crops of the area along with vegetables like potatoes, onion, ginger etc. Soil Conservation Unit of U.P.Government, is working for lnAd reclamation and helping the civili-zation there for utilization of land for agricultural purposes. TOPOGRAPHY The terrain is a true representative of the immature topography of the Himalayas. The highest Survey of India bench mark is at 1902.34 meters above mean sea level at Bairamgarhl. The lowest level being the bed of river Nayar which is about 540 meters above mean sea level. Climate : During the major part of the year the cli-mate at Banghat and adjoining areas is pleasant. The temperatures range from 5 to 100C in winters and 250 to 35 0C in summers. The months of May and June are quite hot and temperature rises upto 30-35 °C. In winters i.e. in the months of December - February,it is quite colds and temperature ranges from 5-12°C.The rainy season starts by the end of the third week of June and continues upto the end of September. The winter rains fall from December to Mid-January. The average annual rainfall is about 220 cms. The months of March, April, May, October and November are best suited for geological field work in this area. Vegetation The nature of the flora in any area is marked by the climate, the lithological characteristics of the w rock types and the degree of soil cover. A greater part of the area is thickly forested. The various type of common plants in the area are as follows:- Adina Cordifolia - - - - - Haldu Bombaxmelabaricum - - - - - Semal Terminalia balerica - - - - Bahera Terminal itomentosa - - - - Sain Phyllanthus emblica - - - - Amla Mallotus Philippinensis - - Rohini. Cudrania javanensis - - - - Gular Berberics sp. - - - - Ber Mangifera indica - - - - Mango tree Cultivated land forms hardly 15 percent of the arearoccupying the hill slopes where terrace forming is done. Paddy and maize are the main crops of the area along with vegetables like potatoes, onion, ginger etc. Soil Conservation Unit of U.P.Government, is working for land reclamation and helping the civili-zation there for utilization of land for agricultural purposes. TOPOGRAPHY The terrain is a true representative of the immature topography of the Himalayas. The highest Survey of India bench mark is at 1902.34 meters above mean sea level at Bairamgarhi. The lowest level being the bed of river Nayar which is about 540 meters above mean sea level.......