CONGESTION MANAGEMENT IN DEREGULATED POWER SYSTEM WITH WIND GENERATORS

Abstract

Deregulation of vertically integrated power system in open access environment is a socially beneficial technique to provide in terms of economical operation with better efficiency, security and reliability. Earlier requirements of deregulation of the power system is different for different countries but the prime goal is same for all i.e. to create a secure, reliable and efficient power market by increasing competition in the power market. With this a number of generation and distribution companies enter in picture but transmission system is left as a communal recourse although ISO provided in deregulated market to supervise the power system and sets rules and protocols to open and non-discriminatory access of power system but due to increasing load and generation capacity abruptly, transmission line are being overloaded, This situation is called as congestion in transmission lines. This is a serious problem for power system, so to manage this congestion is a important function to be performed by ISO. To manage the congestion various. techniques are developed like generation rescheduling, using FACTS devices and imposing penalty to those who are responsible for congestion. Some tools to manage the congestion by pricing like LMP, FTR came into picture. Due to environmental awareness and to limit the use of conventional energy sources world is moving towards nonconventional energy sources. Due to large availability, ease in installation and low operating cost wind power can play a significant role to overcome environmental as well as congestion problems. But due to uncertainty and intermittent of wind there are some changes in calculation of LMP and real power balance equation, reactive power balance equation and system security indices. Mostly wind power is used as distributed resource. So before installing these to the system it is necessary to take a concern about the effect of these in case of contingencies and it is also take into consideration that which location or locations are most favorable to manage the congestion. This thesis presents a method to find site and size of wind power to unload the system. A method is presented to calculate some security measures such as active power contingency overload (Paco), ETLR and WTLR based on these suitable locations to inject the power are determined.