Investigating the Effects of Temperature on the Capacitance of Bismuth-Based Halide Perovskite Supercapacitors

Abstract

This thesis offers a thorough analysis of the production and characterisation of a supercapacitor based on a vacancy-ordered halide perovskite based on bismuth. The main goal of the study is to comprehend how changing the rate of temperature during the material production process affects the capacitance of the supercapacitor, an important factor that determines the device's capacity for energy storage. A variety of characterisation techniques were used to get a complete knowledge of the material and its surface morphology. The crystal structure of the perovskite was investigated using X ray diffraction (XRD), and the vibrational modes of the crystal lattice were discovered using Raman spectroscopy. The material's surface area was calculated using the Brunauer-Emmett Teller (BET) method, and its electronic characteristics were examined using UV-Visible spectroscopy. The surface morphology was observed at the nanoscale using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). A three-electrode setup was used to analyse the supercapacitor's electrochemical characteristics. Galvanostatic charge-discharge experiments were conducted to gauge the device's charge storage capability and cycle stability. Cyclic voltammetry was used to examine the redox reactions taking place at the electrode-electrolyte interface. To learn more about the supercapacitor's internal resistance, charge transfer resistance, and diffusion properties, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was also used. According to the study's findings, the performance of the supercapacitor is significantly influenced by the pace of temperature change during the synthesis of the materials. In order to fabricate high-performance halide perovskite-based supercapacitors, it is essential to optimise the synthesis parameters, and this discovery offers a critical knowledge in that regard. This research advances the rapidly developing science of perovskite materials and its use in energy storage technologies. It offers insightful information that can help in the creation of supercapacitors that are more effective, dependable, and long-lasting, facilitating the shift to sustainable energy sources.