Size Distribution of Goat Milk Fat Globule and its total lipid composition

Abstract

For babies, milk is their major source of nutrition as well as their primary source of immunological protection. It contains between 2 and 55 percent fat, 1 to 20 percent protein, and 0 to 10% lactose, depending on the source. Milk fat is responsible for the transportation of several lipid-soluble components, such as carotenoids. When compared to cow milk, goat milk contains a lesser percentage of α-casein and lactose. The milk of goat has a significant amount of milk protein, which is a vital dietary component. The MFGM holds an exceptional combination of PLs that are not found in lecithin plant-based. This makes the MFGM stand out from the competition. MFGM membrane MPLs include 46 percent of the total MPLs present. PE is the most abundant MPL. As a result of its flexible shape, PE has the role of maintaining the permeability of the membrane. PS, PE, and PI are placed on the exterior of the bilayer, while PC and SM are found on the interior of bilayer. Buttermilk or cream MFGM material, which has been isolated and purified, is thought to be an effective natural surface-active substance with a high emulsifying ability. It is possible to use liposomes, which are formed from MFGM-derived phospholipids, to deliver medications and to improve drug transport and protection. A favourable effect was seen in rats when the emulsion of fat droplets with milk phospholipids was applied to their lipid digestion and postprandial metabolism. In addition to its ability to lower cholesterol absorption, MFGM supplementation has been linked to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease in humans. Cow milk and cream contain fat globules size varies from 1.1 to 10 microns in size. The goal of this project is to find high-performance thin-layer chromatography, HPTLC settings that allow for the separation and quantification of goat milk phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and sphingomyelin. To perform HPTLC, the phospholipid and neutral lipids are isolated by Folch method. Solid phase extraction method is used to separate the total lipid into Phospholipid and neutral lipid The mean diameter of MFG in the milk of buffalo was much greater than as found in cow’s milk. When comparing Beetal goat milk to Sirohi and Barabari goat milk, the fat amount of Beetal goat milk is higher. The mean diameter of fat globules in Beetal goat milk was 1.229µm, which was greater than the mean diameter of fat globules in Sirohi and Barbari goat milk. Other goat milk samples had fat globule size distributions ranging from 0.344µm to 3.598µm in diameter. The % percentage of total lipid was also found higher in Beetal goat than in Sirohi and Barbari milk. 55 % total lipid was found in Beetal and in the other two species it was approximately 48%.