ASSESSMENT OF CROP WATER REQUIREMENT & IRRIGATION WATER REQUIREMENT IN CHHATARPUR DISTRICT OF BUNDELKHAND REGION OF M.P.

Abstract

Crops require water at different intervals for their growth so, it is essential to have a knowledge about the crop water requirement & their timings for maximum yield so that Irrigation system could be operated accordingly. For estimating the crop water requirement & irrigation water requirement the most important parameter is Reference Evapotranspiration. The value of Reference Evapotranspiration of some district of M.P. including Chhatarpur district was missing in water resource department MP. This thesis is aimed to Assessed block-wise monthly average daily reference Evapotranspiration of Chhatarpur district & weighted average value of Chhatarpur district with the help of CROPWAT 8.0 software which required various long-term data such as Latitude, longitude, elevation, wind velocity, sun hours, relative humidity, max. temp, min. temp of stations & to assessed the crop water requirement & field irrigation requirement of various kharif & rabi crops whose crop area is more than 100 ha according to present day crop pattern of Chhatarpur district. Various parameters are required for assessing crop water requirement & field irrigation requirement such as crop factors according to different growth stages of the crops, special needs of crop (Nursery, transplantation, land preparation etc.), percolation requirement, ground water contribution, soil moisture adjustments, leaching requirements, effective rainfall. Parameters have been evaluated through field visits, interaction with farmers, standard values given by irrigation department of M.P. & FAO. This study also estimates the fortnight-wise Crop water requirement of various crops considered and fortnight-wise irrigation requirement of Rabi crops. Study shows F.I.R of kharif crops is very less in compare to Kharif crops because most of crop water requirement in kharif season is full-filled by effective rainfall. This study provides idea of water requirement at different intervals to get optimum yield & also can be used to estimate the gross irrigation requirement at head of canals & to design the irrigation schemes.