STUDY ON GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONAND REDUCTION FROM STPs SLUDGEWASTE

Abstract

The wastewater treatment systems including STP generate a huge amount of sewage sludge. The sludge from STP contains a large amount of biodegradable organic solids. Consequently, during the sludge processing and disposal, a significant amount of greenhouse gases (GHGs) including methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) and, nitrous oxide (N2O) is generated. Though the amount of GHGS from sewage sludge is large on a global scale, however, these emissions from sewage sludge waste are not considered in the IPCC Guidelines because these are produced and brought about by living organisms, and they should not be included in total emissions. In our analysis, we find out the GHGs from various treatment approaches by using data from the water supply, sewage treatment, and public toilets. Various treatment approaches used are: Biological method, and the Incineration method; and the formulae used are as per IPCC 2006 guidelines methodology. After carrying out a detailed study and evaluation of the different methods of treatment, we search for the best one, giving the least GHGs, after comparison. However, the selection of sewage sludge treatment methods also depends on various factors such as the quantity of sludge and the cost of treatment options for safe disposal. This document presents the GHG emissions of STP sludge waste for Daulatganj, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. In this report, we have focused on the treatment methods giving the least GHG emission. So far, after going through different journals and reports, we have found that it is difficult to select a specific technique that provides the least GHG. It is a complex phenomenon that depends on location, temperature, transport, and cost of service. However, we will consider the result by directly using the methodology from IPCC 2006 guidelines.