POLICY PLANNING FOR SUSTAINABLE LAND DEVELOPMENT IN GOA STATE, INDIA

Abstract

The land market in urban peripheral areas is critical for distributing land for urbanization, yet it frequently results in social exclusion and inefficient land distribution. The rising expenses of urban infrastructure and services stymie private urban sprawl developments and raise environmental concerns. In an urban context, two viable extension strategies are to increase the holding capacity of current urban areas or extend the urban area beyond its boundaries. Re-densification, which enhances storage capacity, causes inadequate infrastructure and environmental degradation. Land development plans prioritize multifamily building typologies, increased densities, job and educational possibilities, housing affordability, public services, health facilities, and infrastructure. However, the challenges of social inclusion, proper value, displacement and relocation, controlled land use development, environmental repercussions, infrastructural upgrades, and equitable disposition of improved land are major obstacles in the process of Sustainable Land Development. Moreover, Sustainable Development and Land Policies are well-researched and acknowledged global subjects. Since the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, 1992, sustainable development has been promoted. The 2015 Sustainable Development Goals tackle several issues, including the threat posed by climate change, gender equality, managing natural resources, better health, fighting against poverty, promoting peace, and an inclusive society. This study attempts to review the literature on applying integrated approaches to Land Development Policy. However, recent research indicates that an integrated approach to land development is still lacking in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It will be difficult to meet Goal 11 of the Sustainable Development Goals: “Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable,” unless those issues are resolved. Thus, it has become crucial to employ the System Dynamics technique to recognize and gain a deeper understanding of the dynamic behavior of the system, i.e., the interconnection and interdependence of the complex systems and subsystems (physical, social, economic, infrastructure, environment, ecosystem, and institutional) in the context of land development. In order to attain the goal of sustainable development, land development sustainability needs to be evaluated using quantitative methods and models in addition to the systematic framework of land development. In this regard, amethodology has been developed to assess the policies for land development to address the complex challenges of cities for sustainable development.