PLANNING FOR OPTIMUM LAND USE FOR SAFE CITY ENVIRONMENT

Abstract

Throughout human history, crime has been a fundamental aspect of communities. From the 18th century onwards, scholars from various disciplines including criminology, philosophy, sociology, and anthropology have studied crime and its patterns. The incidence of crime is linked to social and economic issues such as unemployment, particularly among young people, migration, and rising income inequality in western nations. Significant progress has been made in studying the correlation between socioeconomic and demographic factors and criminal behaviour. (Spengler, H,1999). The spatial distribution of crime type and crime rate is strongly connected to urban planning factors, making it crucial to analyse these factors and develop precise outcomes to reduce crime. This research has undertaken a literature review of the connection between crime, demographic factors, and urban planning in developed countries. However, research on this topic is limited in the context of developing or third-world countries, and there is a dearth of studies at the city and police boundary level in India. This gap in literature is likely due to the focus of crime research on more developed countries, where resources and data for research are more readily available. Additionally, differences in crime patterns and demographic factors between developed and developing countries make it difficult to draw direct comparisons or generalize findings across contexts. Nevertheless, there is a growing need for research on crime in developing countries, as crime rates and patterns can significantly affect the well-being of individuals and communities. Furthermore, crime and safety are critical factors that impact urban development and land use. Therefore, studying crime, demographic factors, land use, and urban planning in the context of developing countries such as India can inform policies and practices that promote safe and liveable cities. This research is unique in its focus on a specific city level, which is rare in the literature, as most studies typically cover regional or state levels. This level of research may uncover unique insights and correlations that are particularly useful for urban planning and policymaking within that city. However, conducting studies on crime scenarios in developing countries can be challenging due to various factors such as poverty, employment, and socio-cultural and demographic factors that influence crime. Additionally, the limited availability of relevant data in accessible formats can further complicate research in this area.