ENERGY EFFICIENT FENESTRATION DESIGN STRATEGIES FOR OFFICE BUILDING IN HUMID SUBTROPICAL CLIMATE OF ETHIOPIA

Abstract

In the tradition building design building used to look like the geographical and climate type. the construction material, surface treatment and passive design tactics were influence by the country context. But the growth of lifestyle and civilization has influenced the regional concept. New construction material, emerging advanced construction techniques and resource limit has led the world to act in the same way. Currently The modern urban area moved from responsive environment to irresponsible space in building design. It is stated that 40% of world energy-related greenhouse gas emissions are from construction and building sectors [2]. It is expected by the United Nations that more than two-thirds of the population of the world to be in cities by 2050[5]. This rapid development led to substantial increase in building energy consumption due to population growth, climate change, and the growing demand for thermal comfort. In Ethiopia also this energy demand is growing rapidly. Ethiopia is one of the fastest growing urban populations in the world The Ethiopian Central Statistical Agency's official show that its urban population is expected to increase to almost threefold from 15,2 million by 2012 to 42,3 million by 2037, and to grow at 3,8 per cent per year based on world bank review. In building energy consumption lighting, heating, cooling, and air condition are main source in operational energy demand. Because of the high energy demand and need of building comfortable environment. Government and legal part start forming building code and regulation to create safe and convenient living environment. Based on a U.S environment protection agency study it is clear that we spend 90% of our life inside buildings. We are all affected every day by the design of the building and the decision behind it. The building occupants comfort depends on environmental parameters including air speed, temperature, relative humidity and quality of lighting and noise. Building code, a guideline for building design that addresses public safety and environment protection. Energy efficient building code also provides the baseline to benefit from energy saving measures through passive building design.