CARBON FOOTPRINT ASSESSMENT OF SUPERMADI HYDROPOWER PROJECT

Abstract

The biggest renewable energy source for producing electricity is hydropower, whose carbon emissions have garnered significant attention. However, there hasn't been much research done on the carbon emissions from hydropower projects because of system boundaries and data availability issues. As a result, this study offers a resource for more research on hydropower projects. The reference value for the hydropower project's direct, indirect, and total carbon emissions is provided by this study. To compare the hydropower project with other renewable and nonrenewable sources the energy generation on carbon emission (EGOC) is computed and it is based on total carbon emission and electricity gain during the hydropower project life cycle. Process analysis serves as its foundation. The Supermadi runoff river hydropower project is used to calculate carbon emissions from hydropower. 185450.86 tons of CO2-eq. of life cycle are predicted to be the total carbon emissions. The phase with the highest carbon emissions (44.71%) is construction, followed by preparation (32.25%), operation and maintenance (18.56%) and end-of-use (4.47%). During the construction phase, most of the direct carbon emissions are emitted by machinery and transportation equipment. There is a 14.28-fold increase in carbon emissions from indirect sources compared to direct sources. The EGOC indicator for the Supermadi hydroelectric project is 25.48 g CO2-eq./kWh, which is lower than the values for the majority of other power plants.