INVESTIGATIONS ON LOCALIZATION AND TRACKING ALGORITHMS FOR STATIONARY AND MOVING OBJECTS

Abstract

Advancements in Software Defined Radio technology and availability of sensors have made it possible to detect Signals whose strength may have gotten weaker majorly due to presence of noise or location of transmitter. However, processing of signal using the best algorithm as per the scenario to locate the transmitter(stationary/ moving) is still a growing area of research. Localization of transmitter, even with some acceptable amount of error, can yield game changing dividends during active operations and also during peacetime. Localisation estimation can give out No of transmitters active in the area, their location and speed, which can help generated the following Signal intelligence. 1) Build up of Enemy forces if No of transmitters increases. 2) Location of communication centres of enemy in forward area. 3) Location of base/ hideouts of terrorists in CI/ CT area by estimating the location of the unknown transmitter. 4) In peace time, it can be used in monitoring and observation of enemy area. Therefore, this thesis focuses on investigating localization and tracking algorithms for stationary and moving objects and formalise the whole process which includes two stages. Firstly, calculating the time difference of arrival(TDOAs) and frequency difference of arrival(FDOAs) of the received signal at various sensors and secondly, localizing the transmitter using these values.