PRODUCTION OF SYNGAS FROM CARBON DIOXIDE REFORMING OF METHANE USING PEROVSKITE-TYPE CATALYSTS: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND REACTIVITY

Abstract

The perovskite-oxide material possessed magnetic, optical, electrical, and catalytic properties. These materials are highly thermally stable and low cost, which attract researchers for various applications. Therefore, these perovskite oxides have been used as a catalyst for multiple industrial reactions. Industrial reactions include photocatalytic water splitting, selective oxidation, oxydehydrogenation, oxidative coupling of methane, catalytic combustion of hydrocarbon, and nitrogen oxides decomposition, NOx reduction, partial oxidation of methane, reforming of methane, and many other environmental applications. The general formula of the perovskite catalysts is represented as ABO3. The A-site is the rare earth, alkaline, and alkaline earth metals, whereas the B-sites of the catalysts are the transition metals. La, Sr, and Ca are used as A-site metals, and the Co, Ni, Fe, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ce, and Zr are used as B-sites metals. The B-site elements are reduced to a metallic state which is highly dispersed and active for the catalytic reaction. The critical feature of these perovskite oxide catalysts is that the material is stable at high temperature during the reaction. The shortcoming of these oxide materials is the low surface area. The surface area of these materials has been increased by considering various approaches such as synthesis, using supports, and different high surface area solids. The perovskite material LaNiO3 has been used as a catalyst for reforming reaction to produce synthesis gas. However, the material deactivates very fast. Therefore, the stability and performance of the material have been improved by considering the improved preparation method, using various supports and promoters. Still, further development is required to synthesis a robust catalyst for the reforming of methane reaction.