IMPACT OF LANDUSE AND CLIMATE CHANGE ON GROUNDWATER IN UPPER GANGA CANAL COMMAND

Abstract

In nineteen century, as the technology leads the world, observation vision of researcher in global and regional level changes likewise in the field of environment science as well as in the view of technology. Tremendous Change Land use cover is observed in last few decades due to increase in urbanization all around the world. These will continue in the future too. In this study the effect of land use / land cover and climate change on groundwater recharge is carry out Upper Ganga Canal Command area of 10375 Km2 in Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh. Due to decrease in land cover area the recharge zone of ground water also shrinks over past few years, and which reflect more concern studies towards groundwater qualitative and quantity work. Therefore, increased in urbanization results in decrease in infiltration rate and finally impact the groundwater storage and recharge. The ground water storage is reducing as to fulfill the demand of increasing population with limited surface water available. Quality inputs on the rate and pattern of land use change is essential for proper planning and management. It is necessary to detect the land use change for the past and present existing one, its spatial distribution pattern and likely changes are vital requirement for planning and management. Proper land use and land cover planning and management must be done so as to provide open lands and to have rainwater harvesting structures in each and every buildings for the recharge of groundwater which will lead to the socio-economic up-liftment of a region and country as a whole. Thus, land use and land cover changes have to be assessed accurately using traditional as well as latest techniques viz. Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS). Although the mankind has lived in close relationship with nature and as rapid population increase, rise in demands of water will also increase as per domestic proposes as well as industrial activities and that led to rapid change. And these changes are easily observed by increase in temperature and uncertainty of rainfall in all around the world. As the climate is changing and the land use patterns is also changing though out the year it will increase the stress on the atmosphere, and development of natural resources likewise decline in the rate of ground water recharge