HYDROLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF BURHANPUR WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO KUNDI BHANDARA SYSTEM

Abstract

The present study deals with the problem of supply of fresh water in Burhanpur region and with the degradation of Kundi Bhandara which is an underground water supply system in Burhanpur district of Madhya Pradesh. A viable set of various parameters has been identified after reviewing the relevant literature on the subject. For groundwater assessment, water level data of 7 wells have been collected from Central Ground Water Board. Analysis of water table data revealed that the water table is rising during the monsoon season in the study area except at Ichchapur and Chandni stations. The ground water data has been further analysed to assess the groundwater resources of Burhanpur using a mass balance of approach. The analysis revealed that the stage of groundwater development in the study area has been found to be 62%, indicating that the present level of ground water exploitation in the Burhanpur in safe category. Further the satellite imageries of study area have been downloaded from the earthexplorer.usgs.gov and classified using software ArcGlS (version 10.1) to generate landuse which has been utilized in computation of runoff and infiltration using the SCS - CN method. The analysis reveals that runoff and infiltration are about 20.52 % and 22.71 % respectively of the total annual rainfall. Morphometric analysis of the study area reveals that the geology of the study area is homogeneous and has not suffered from the structural disturbances; and that the area falls under high drainage density zone which results in impermeable subsurface material, sparse vegetation and mountainous relief. Groundwater quality data has been obtained from Municipal Corporation of Burhanpur and evaluated against the standards given by Bureau of Indian Standards (B1S) for drinking. From this analysis it has been found that that all water quality related parameters are within desirable limit except Total Alkalinity and Calcium Hardness. Further Total solid waste generation in Burhanpur is estimated as 77.19 MT whereas the total waste collection capacity of Nagar Palika Nigam Burhanpur is 40MT implies that 37.19 MT i.e. 48.18% of the total waste generated still remains uncollected and is a major risk factor. iv This study has resulted in formulation of guidelines for assessment of surface - hydrology, groundwater hydrology and water quality and for solid waste management of Burhanpur.