CIRCULARLY POLARIZED FRACTAL ANTENNAS

Abstract

This dissertation addresses a few fractal antennas with circular polarization (CP). The CP antennas have their advantages like Immune to Faraday rotation, Mitigation of multi-path propagation and Polarization losses due to misalignment. The commonly used antennas are microstrip, slot and coplanar waveguide antennas. Antennas ca-pable of operating at dual band, multiband, cost effective, and good bandwidth are needed for upcoming wireless standards. Fractal geometry is a concept in mathe-matics, through which miniaturization. multiband characteristics, and bandwidth are achieved to fulfill a range of wireless applications with improved return loss. It offers mobility and affordability in wireless/mobile devices. The fractal antennas resonate for single, dual, and multiband wireless applications. Also, these self-similar fractal antennas are compact. For future mobile communication systems, these fractal anten-nas unearth a position as it provides better bandwidth, and return loss. Proximity feed T-Squarc and Arc-slot fractal circularly polarized microstrip antennas are proposed in this dissertation. The realization of CP is achieved by the asymmetrical feeding and fractal geometry. Due to self-similar and space filling property of the fractal, minia-turization of radiating patch is achieved. These antennas were designed and found that the simulated and measured results are near matching. In outline, this dissertation presents a range of design, simulation, fabrication and testing of fractal CP antennas for next generation wireless applications