GROUND WATER MANAGEMENT FOR CROP PLANNING: A CASE STUDY OF BETUL MADHYA PRADESH

Abstract

In the Betul region of the Central Province of Madhya Pradesh (Central India), the cultivation of wheat and sugar cane in the groundwater basin during the winter season in the study area has led to a large influx of groundwater into the shallow layers, small deep wells and deep well networks. In particular, shallow wellbore owners using centrifugal pumps cannot lift groundwater in the winter due to the rapid drop in groundwater level caused by suction lift caused by small deep and deep well operators. In order to develop long-term sustainable land and water management strategies for these issues in wet areas, local administrations recognize the need for crop planning and water resources management policies in a deterministic and stochastic system to maximize the research area's Net income considers the availability of groundwater for net irrigation water as the best level of water distribution. Taking into account all restrictions and restrictions, the proposed planting patterns and water allocation policies are considered socially acceptable and maintain the balance of the entire system. Agricultural systems pose many challenges and problems that can be considered as optimization problems. The main challenges are crop selection and irrigation planning. In other words, it is necessary to decide on proper crop cultivation and appropriate irrigation schemes. These decisions are to achieve certain goals, usually including maximizing net profit and/or minimizing water waste. The problem is complicated by the existence of conflicting multiple goals. In addition, water resources management is one of the most critical issues facing national interests. Given that agricultural irrigation water accounts for 80% of the world’s water consumption, better management of agricultural systems can play a key role in the peaceful resolution of such crises. Groundwater Management There are three basic mechanisms for managing groundwater resources. These mechanisms are managed by local governmental agencies that are authorized by the local government. Many people are using "innovation strategies" and making progress in many areas including protection and transparency. Groundwater Management Overview Some local officials and groundwater users have been reluctant to allow the state government to play a greater role in groundwater management and are more inclined to local supervision. Allow local agencies to develop groundwater management plans and increase revenues to cover management costs. However, seeking public funding for state government funding of groundwater The project must submit a management plan to the Ministry of Water Resources. In addition, the joint use of groundwater and surface water by XII partners has become more and more common. Groundwater Management Challenges Groundwater management discussions focused on which agency is responsible for management. However, determining who is managing is part of an ongoing debate. Sustainable groundwater management must be met by local and regional agencies rather than by centralized state regulation. “Locally controlled groundwater management is effective because it best responds to the special conditions and significant differences in groundwater basins across the state. “Local expertise and direct reliance on resources ensure immediate response to problems and trends, and Provides the most powerful foundation for regional collaboration methods. At the same time, the State Legislative Analysis Office advocates the establishment of active management areas. Where overdrafts and pollution are "seriously challenged", AMA will have the authority to limit groundwater exploitation. Even without state leadership, local water areas should also assume the challenge of groundwater protection.