CITY SANITATION PLAN OF KHARTOUM

Abstract

A City Sanitation Plan (CSP) addresses social, technical, financial, institutional, capacity building and stakeholders’ participation towards sustainable infrastructural development for sanitation. A Plan has been prepared based on primary as well as secondary data collected after extensive search with various city level offices, field visits and covers population, projects and households from different localities. Emphasis was made on Sewage system, solid waste management, bio-medical waste management and electronic waste management as prevailing in the various localities of Khartoum, Khartoum city is the capital of Republic of Sudan and it also state is made up of three cities comprising of Khartoum, Khartoum North and Omdurman. The city lies between longitudes 31.5°E to 34 °E and latitudes 15°N to 16 °N enclosing a total area of 22,142 km2 (8,549 sq. mi). The Population is 7 million with a growth rate of 2.7 according to the 2015 census. Out of this, 19% live in rural area while 81% are living in the urban areas. Total number of Houses in the city is 871,142 with 693,974 in urban areas and 177.168 in the rural areas. The percentage of people with access to improved sanitation facilities is 51% while 49% still practice open defecation. Presently about 1450 MLD water is supplied in Khartoum. The total quantity of sewer generation in Khartoum is about 802MLD in the last five years under operations of the Khartoum state waste water corporation. The existing sewer system covers between 6% of the city’s total wastewater generation. The Soba sewage treatment plant has a daily wastewater Flow is 35 MLD while Wad Defiaa sewage treatment plant has a capacity of 17 MLD. These bring a total of sewage treated from the two plants to about 52 MLD out of the 802 MLD sewage generation. In terms of solid waste, Khartoum generates a total of 6,600 ton/day out of which 4,200 ton/day goes to the four landfills. Khartoum has four landfills three caters for municipal waste from Omdurman, Bahri and Khartoum. The remaining one in Dongla Street is mainly for hazardous waste. There are also three transfer station in Omdurman and handling of solid waste more than 1,500 tons/day, Bahri solid waste more than 1500 tons/day. Estimated number of beds in all hospitals of Khartoum state to 6757 beds (2015), the biomedical waste in Khartoum state estimated 12.5 to 15 tons/day around. 1,215 tons/day is treated by primary company. The hazardous waste from hospitals and health centers can be estimated as 2.5 to 3 tons / day. The Electronic waste volume from statistical structural plan of Khartoum State in 2013 is estimated at 1135 tons/Year (including iv mobiles and computers), Number of working in the field of computers and accessories in Khartoum state companies 377 companies and 972 work name, the amount of mobile phone is very high relative to the rates exceeded the reasonable limit, and has become the amount contained in the period (2010 -2015) 140,000,000 Telephone Based on information from traders and companies specialized in the field