REDUCTION OF EMISSION OF NOX IN DIESEL ENGINE USING BIODIESEL AND BLENDS

Abstract

Rise in energy demand, emission standards and reduction of oil resources have initiated the researchers to invent substitute fuels for an IC engines. Biodiesel is a substitute fuel to diesel fuel and can be used in IC engines to minimize exhaust emissions which in turn, supports in reduce environmental degradation. But the major problem with Biodiesel usage as fuel release of higher NOx emissions compared to diesel when used in diesel engines. Biodiesel, prepared from the transesterification of waste vegetable oils (WVO) or animal fats, is composed of unsaturated and saturated long-chain fatty acid alkyl esters. Biodiesel is being considered as one of the most promising alternative fuels in IC engine. The main objective of the present thesis is to reduce NOx emissions by adding antioxidant additive i.e. Ethylene Di Amine (EDA) to Jatropha biodiesel which are prepared from Jatropha curcas oil and compare to neat biodiesel. The study indicate that by using the EDA additive into Jatropha biodiesel reducing in SO2, HC and NOx emissions can be achieved but with loss of power, Brake Thermal efficiency (BTE) and increase in fuel consumption but increase the CO emission neat biodiesel is used in diesel engine. NOx reduction methods related to engine modification and fuel modification but ours thesis aims to used only fuel modification method using antioxidant additive EDA into Jatropha biodiesel. Higher flame temperature and high oxygen availability are the favorable conditions for formation of NOx emission using biodiesel/blends in diesel engine. The experimental investigations carried out in the lab to study the effect of antioxidant additive Ethylene Di Amine (EDA) on NOx, HC, SO and CO emissions for Jatropha biodiesel. The antioxidant additive EDA was mixed in different proportions i.e. 1%, 2%, 5% and 10% (%v/v) in with Jatropha biodiesel (JB) and tested in a 4-stroke, air-cooled, single-cylinder diesel engine of 2.64 kW rated power and shows that the EDA is an effective antioxidant additive to reduce the NOx, HC and SO2 and increase the CO emissions of JB and its blends compared to neat biodiesel. Maximum reduction in HC, SO2 and NOx emission is achieved for JB20+EDA2 is 29.3%, 27.9% and 25.76% when compared to JB20 blend without additive and CO emission was increased for JB100+EDA10 is 11.97% when compared to neat biodiesel without additive. Highest reduction in NOx is achieved for JB20+EDA2 blends, it shows that EDA addition percentage is very lower hence we recommends that using JB20 blend with EDA2