POWER LOSS REDUCTION IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

Abstract

Power loss reduction initiative in distribution systems leads to reduce the cost of energy purchase and increase the distribution infrastructurers’ capacities. Therefore it is a vital objective in the sound management of power untilities. Distribution loss reduction not only contributes directly to the utilities bottom line but also well brings about many other benefits which can be more difficult to quantify. The power loss reduction is hardened when there is lack of three aspects such as willing of people aspect, technical aspect and management aspect. In every loss reduction process stage, every engineer should have knowledge of technical and management aspects as a key performance indicator. When the distribution system is located far from the sources of power generation and the infrastructure, it leads the voltage drop, line loss and system unreliability. Long distance to supply loads leads a significant amount of voltage drop across the distribution lines. In this case, capacitor banks can be installed to decrease the voltage drop and decrease load current on the line. Distributed Generators (DGs) should be allocated to minimize real and reactive power losses and to improve the system reliability. Other efficient factors which should be considered in power loss reduction of distribution system in urban area are reconductoring (conductor upgrading), voltage upgrading, monitoring for transformer load and feeder reconfiguration. For supporting these factors, transformers and feeders are conventionally upgraded which applies a large cost. Load balancing is quite common in the distribution systems since the costs of performing load balancing are quite low, but it usually includes metering equipment and labour costs to gather and process data, conduct analysis and exchange loads phases in the field. The power loss reduction associated with reconfiguration is just an additional benefit since distribution automation and control function (DAC) is introduced for improving reliability. And then standardization of conductor lines became important issue since nonstandard systems lead a serious problem to utilities. With distribution system improvement, the supervision, control and information technologies ,namely SCADA, GIS, DAC, AMI should have been applied, which can run modern distribution control centers and DMS. In order to reduce non-technical losses, Advance Metering System becomes popular among the utilities. It can read meter reading remotely and disconnect of overdue accounts and tamper detection. Locking rings and seals on all meters are to be installed. Then Arial Bundled Cable (ABC) and conversion from overhead line to underground cable are employed not to breed the illegal connection iv of loads. Furthermore Customer Information System (CIS) is important to reduce non-technical losses; thereby it maximizes billed energy and paid energy. Finding the most efficient power loss reduction approaches for improving power factor and minimizing power losses in the Yangon distribution system are interesting for Yangon Electricity Supply Corporation (YESC). This dissertation work therefore is to deal power loss reduction in distribution systems with loss reduction techniques and find out the best way for loss reduction which is currently needed in Yangon distribution system in Myanmar. In this dissertation, power loss reduction planning is presented for distribution system in Yangon and also appropriate approach, namely capacitor placement is chosen by installation of it to the LV side of distribution transformer after studying the different approaches for power loss reduction. It has proposed the effective approache to solve the power losses in the Yangon distribution system. The practical proposals associated with performing the loss reduction of Yangon distribution system achieve the objectives of this dissertation work.