OPTIMAL USE OF SURFACE & SUBSURFACE WATER

Abstract

An optimal use of available surface and groundwater in any area will provide better utilization of available resources and more benefits in the area. Optimal utilization of water resources has gained great importance due to growing agricultural, industrial and social needs. In the present study an optimal use irrigation planning model has been formulated for the study area distt. Haridwar. Linear programming technique has been used to maximize the net annual irrigation benefit from surface and ground water. The objective function of the optimal use planning model incorporates net benefits from the considered eleven crops and operation and maintenance.• costs of surface water and sub-surface water pumping system. It is subjected to a set of constraints namely, crop area constraints, land availability constraints, crop water requirement constraints, surface water constraints and ground water pumping constraints for crop management and socio-economic needs. The effect of variation of the following parameters are taken into consideration: i) The variation in ground water draft. ii) The variation in surface water supply. iii) The variation in surface water supply and ground water draft. Seven runs have been taken on computer and on the basis of these, monthly optimal allocation of surface water, ground water and the area under the crops has been arrived at. It is observed that by making optimal use of surface and subsurface water, the net annu