PREPARATION OF MASTER PLAN OF RANCHI CITY IN GIS ENVIRONMENT

Abstract

Urban planning is basically resource generation, resource development and resource management exercise. The efficiency of urban settlements largely depends upon how well they are planned, how economically they are developed and how efficiently they are managed. Planning inputs largely govern the efficiency level of human settlements. Urban planning and development refers to a process that harnesses spatio-economic potential of an area for the benefit of the people. Its scope ranges from a cluster & houses to the entire settlement and beyond to a region and even the nation as a whole. The cities liken the trees; both of them grow under the natural limits. These limits effect in the formulation of the city master plan. The Historical urban development of .cities is usually used for defining the main direction of city's development. One of the objectives of any master plan is to guiding urban development by study the natural properties of the city borders and determines the suitable direction of city growth. The need for GIS is driven by factors such as population growth and urbanization, which in turn create various types geo-referenced data. Information of this kind lends itself well to the analytical capabilities of GIS. GIS has ability to create, store, edit, visualize, analyze, and present the data which is needed for carrying out the historical urban growth of the city. Urban planning and development is a continuous process and involves planners, administrators, developers, investors and of course, the residents. Their perceptions, expectations and actions, expectations and actions for complex analysis and rich ,envisioning capacity of GIS are found helpful to bring in transparency in planning desired by the above groups. It is therefore high time to consolidate on the reported gains of the GIS application in urban planning.