CONSERVATION OF THANE CREEK AND ULHAS RIVER ESTUARY

Abstract

Thane creek and Ulhas River under Thane Municipal Area near Mumbai, Maharashtra are connected through a narrow and shallow channel. With the urbanization and industrial growth, Thane Creek and Ulhas river estuary has become receptable of waste from surrounding area. Water quality of both Thane creek and Ulhas estuary has deteriorated badly due to various anthropogenic discharges. Various researchers have studied individual elements of Thane creek and Ulhas River Estuary at micro level, such studies are undoubtly essential to identify the causes of problem and to take adequate remedial measures. However each is a part of whole, a holistic approach for restoration and conservation of the creek and estuary is required. Past and present studies have indicated an alarming situation that there is an immediate need to prepare a conservation plan. This necessitate a thorough understanding of every aspect and functioning of the system and calls for an integrated approach towards planning, utilization and management of resources to ensure sustainability in the development of Thane and Ulhas River Estuary. In a present study various aspects of Thane creek and Ulhas river estuary viz: water quality and assessment of sediment quality, sources of pollution, ecological and hydrological aspects are studied. Different conservation measures such as sewerage system, solid waste management, dredging of the creek for improving flushing capacity, mangroves plantation, chanalisation of Thane creek, nalla-tapping works, and tidal gates are proposed. For sustainable development and management of creek and estuary, effective institutional arrangement, public awareness public and participation is required. Public awareness programs and Institutional structure is proposed for implementing different conservation measures. Utilization of small hydro potential at sewage outfall is studied. Regular and continuous programs of monitoring water quality, tidal levels, meteorological data, bathymetric data and satellite mapping are proposed. To create awareness among citizens public awareness programs are conducted during the study period. Present study helped in understanding the status of Thane creek and Ulhas river estuary and initiated a move towards its conservation in integrated way. Press reporting of the same has been there. An endeavour effort of participatory management is recommended to conserve both water bodies.