STRESS ANALYSIS OF NOZZLES AND OPENINGS IN CYLINDRICAL PRESSURE VESSEL

Abstract

Nozzles and openings are prime components in pressure vessel. These components act as a discontinuity in the shell and a major source of weakening the local area. Here, in this dissertation work, an attempt is made to analyse the weakening effect (i.e. rise in stress intensity) in the local region due to nozzles and openings. The analysis was carried out to observe the influence of geometrical parameter such as radius of cylinder (R), radius of nozzle/opening (r), thickness of cylinder (T), thickness of nozzle (t) on the stress intensity. The junction formed, by nozzle to cylinder intersection is of complex and asymmetry geometry which leads to analyse the junction by three dimensional Finite Element Analysis. The F.E. analysis was carried out for biaxially loaded flat plate with a hole first followed by cylinder with an opening and a nozzle. The analysis was carried out using Finite Element software ANSYS. The analysis of two closely spaced nozzles on longitudinal axis was also carried out to observe the influence of distance between two nozzles on a cylindrical pressure vessel. Stress intensity in local region of Nozzle and Opening junction can also be reduced by providing additional reinforcing pad. Thus, an analysis is also carried out in this dissertation work to compare different kind of construction of reinforced nozzles. iii