ENERGY EFFICIENT LIGHTING TECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR APPLICATION IN COMMERCIAL AND RESIDENTIAL SECTORS

Abstract

This study involves the design of lighting system by using energy efficient lighting technologies as a step towards reducing emission of greenhouse gases associated with energy production. Since the invention of incandescent lamps in the nineteenth century, evolution in lighting technology has take place. Incandescent lamps have given a way to fluorescent lamps and thereafter to CFL (compact fluorescent lamps) for lighting of the interior spaces in homes, commercial and industrial establishments. In constant pursuit for conservation of energy, use of light emitting diodes (LEDs) for space lighting application has engaged the attention of researches from mid 1970's. Constant development in its technology has rendered LED lighting as strong contender for replacing even CFL system. Presently the cost of LED system is almost ten times of that of CFL system. But the advantage with the LED system is its energy efficiency coupled with long life and durability. The barrier for its wide scale use is its high cost. However, with technological improvement and large scale manufacture, the cost of LED lighting equipment is likely to substantially reduce in future, as has been the case with photovoltaic cells. Sunlux is lighting design software developed by Surya Roshni Company as per the norms of Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC)-2006 has been developed by the International Institute for Energy Conservation (IIEC) under contract with the United State Agency for International Development(USAID). It is used for both interior and outdoor design of lighting system. The database of this software is fully loaded with all the luminaries with their electrical and mechanical specifications. The software has been used in the study reported in the dissertation for lighting designing for a control room of a power plant and the building of Water Resource Development and Management, IIT Roorkee. This study also involves "Energy saving exercise", which is determined for the above two buildings.