PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF DIESEL ENGINE USING KARANJA OIL AND ITS BIODIESEL

Abstract

Energy is a basic requirement for economic development. Every sector of Indian economy-agriculture, industry, transport, commercial and domestic needs input of energy. The economic development plans implemented since independence have necessarily required increasing amount of energy. As a result consumption. of energy in all forms has been steadily rising all over the country. The energy demand is increasing at a rate of 6.5% per annum. The crude oil demand of country is met by import of about 70%. Thus the energy security has become key issue for our country. In view of the fast depletion of fossil fuel, the search for alternative fuels has become inevitable, looking at huge demand of diesel for transportation sector, captive power generation and agricultural sector, the biodiesel is being viewed a substitute of diesel. The vegetable oils, fats, grease are the source of feed stocks for the production of biodiesel. The various oil sources are classified as edible and non edible the edible sources like groundnut, peanut etc these are use in house hold use so they cannot use affectively as biodiesel so we have to move towards the non edible sources like jatropha, pongamia etc. In India Jatropha, Pongamia are the non edible source of biodiesel. Pongamia Pinnata trees are normally planted along the highways, roads, canals to stop soil erosion. Billions of trees exist all over India. The estimated annual production of oil from its seeds is about 135,000 t. The oil has not yet found any significant commercial application. But due to increase in awareness and growth in research in this area the Pongamia it can be developed as the alternative source of fuel by replacing diesel. The aim of the present dissertation work is to focus on the work done in the area of production of biodiesel from Pongamia and also the measurement of properties of various blends of Pongamia biodiesel. The work also includes the impact analysis of Pongamia oil and its biodiesel on engine performance and exhaust emission. The result obtained are also compared with the JCB and WCB. The research has indicated that up to B20, there is no need of any modification. From the test result it is found that the use of biodiesel leads to the substantial reduction in particulate emission, CO emissions accompanying with the imperceptible power loss, the increase in fuel consumption and the increase in NO. emission on conventional diesel engine with no or fewer modification. The engine does not run while using blends of Pongamia oil. So from the result it can be observed that biodiesel will replace diesel as a source of fuel in near future. iv