http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/47 Sun, 25 Oct 2026 20:01:22 GMT 2026-10-25T20:01:22Z http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/21725 Title: PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF DESILTING TANK Authors: Shakeel, Ahzam Abstract: The global energy demand is on the rise, particularly in developing countries. Small hydropower (SHP) generation has gained significant importance due to its distinct advantages, including easy allocation, high reliability, no fuel costs, and low maintenance. Additionally, SHP is an environmentally friendly and renewable energy source, free from pollution and depletion. Run-of-River hydropower plants are commonly installed in steep mountainous streams, which are prone to high soil erosion. Seasonal floods, especially in tropical and monsoon regions, result in substantial sediment yield from these catchments, leading to high sediment concentrations in the streams. Therefore, managing sediments entering the headrace channel is crucial in Run-of-River hydropower schemes to minimize erosion of turbines and other water-exposed components. Desilting tanks, constructed in series with the headrace canal, play a vital role in this regard. The design dimensions of the desilting tank significantly influence its efficiency in trapping sand and sediment. Various methods and devices exist for sediment removal, and their suitability depends on the sediment volume and characteristics, as well as the desired sequence of sediment removal. Among these methods, settling basins are widely employed in SHP sites. Recently, a new type of desilting basin, called a vortex settling basin, has been developed to enhance the trap efficiency of settling basins. The present dissertation deals with the performance evaluation of desilting tank. Under this study, desilting tanks are designed and checked with the existing site dimensions, design, operation and maintenance issues are discussed to evaluate the performance. Theoretical efficiency is calculated by various investigators using their empirical relationships. Power loss generation data is analysed to study the effect of silt accumulation in desilting tank leading to a decrease in efficiency and hence generation loss of the hydropower plant. An attempt is made to standardize the design, so as to propose a fully efficient desilting tank. Thu, 01 Jun 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/21725 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/21724 Title: Power Systems Operations under High Levels of Renewable Generation using Pumped Storage Plants Authors: Abishek, Anish Kumar Abstract: With the increasing penetration of renewable energy in the power generation mix, variability and uncertainty in the scheduling and operation of power systems has increased, making it more difficult to operate power systems reliably. Energy storage technologies are expected to play a critical role in reliable power system operations under increased levels of variability and uncertainty. Unit commitment and economic dispatch are important tools that operators use to ensure reliable power system operations. These must include models of energy storage technologies. For this, a good India-centric model with energy storage should be assessed with increasing penetration level of solar PV. To this end, this stage II dissertation report presents Pump Storage Hydropower (PSH) modeling and identifies the characteristics of PSH plants that are included in the available models and those that are missing but should be included. It also presents an open source tool, Flexible Energy Scheduling Tool for Integrating Variable Generation or FESTIV, where improved PSH model can be added and various aspects such as emissions, production cost, PV curtailment, and reliability of power systems under high levels of renewable energy can be assessed. Using FESTIV and its PSH model, several simulations were performed with solar PV levels up to 45% of peak demand using the IEEE 118 bus system appropriately modified to resemble Indian power system. Simulation results show that PSH can help in reducing solar PV curtailment although the extent of curtailment reduction depends on the flexibility of other generation resources. Thu, 01 Jun 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/21724 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/21723 Title: OPTIMUM SELECTION OF TURBINES FOR MICRO HYDRO Authors: Baruah, Arnab Abstract: Climate change is undeniably an accelerating adversity, one that may cost serious repercussions if not tackled early. According to a report from International Energy Agency, the global electricity demand has increased by 5% in 2021 after the impact of the pandemic in 2020 and further estimated that it will increase by 4% in 2022. More than 50% of this increased demand has been met by fossil fuel thereby pushing the CO2 emission from the power sector. Global energy demand is expected to increase by 47% in 2050. Without the implementation of renewable energy at the same pace, energy from fossil fuel will continue to increase the CO2 emission. Humans have been capturing the energy of moving water for thousands of years now. Harnessing the power of moving water to generate electricity is one of the largest source of emission free and renewable electricity in the world. Although hydropower generation does not emit global warming gases or other air pollutants, construction of large dams for hydropower has various environmental and societal consequences. As a result, micro hydro power is a preferable alternative in the hydropower business since it utilizes the natural flow of water and eliminates the requirement of large dams. This gives micro hydropower the benefit to install and harness the potential of hydropower at locations with minimal flow economically. The main objective of this thesis work is the selection of suitable hydro turbine for micro hydropower projects to maximize the efficiency and cost effectiveness. Based on literature reviewed, due to the availability of very limited studies related to micro hydropower turbine selection, inclination towards this study is preferred. A brief of the research gaps analyzed during the analysis is also presented. This study focuses on the redesign and cost estimation of civil components for six hydropower sites located in Arunachal Pradesh, India. The Department of Hydro Power Development of Arunachal Pradesh provided Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) for these sites, which were revised and utilized as a basis for the redesign process. The original cross-flow turbines were replaced with Francis and Pelton turbines, and the associated cost estimates for the newly designed components were prepared and compared. This study aims to provide valuable insights into the potential cost implications of adopting different turbine technologies in the hydropower sector. The findings of this study have the potential to contribute to informed decision-making processes concerning the selection of turbine types for future hydropower projects. Thu, 01 Jun 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/21723 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/21722 Title: Modeling of PEM electrolyzer and ammonia production using Aspen plus Authors: Raut, Narayan Kumar Abstract: Hydrogen is often portrayed as the future energy carrier. Among various hydrogen production techniques, water electrolysis is expected to be the most eco-friendly. The most promising method for producing pure and efficient hydrogen from renewable energy sources is PEM water electrolysis, which emits just oxygen as a byproduct and no carbon emissions. However, owing to overwhelming economics electrolysis is used for only 5 % of global hydrogen production. This study provides an Aspen Plus flowsheet model of the PEM electrolyzer system. The operational temperature, pressure, and power are used as simulation input. The anode side of a PEM stack is where most of the water circulation occurs. In a typical operation, some water will go from the anode to the cathode along with the H2 that is created. To keep hydrated, some water is recycled to the cathode side. When the power input is low and the electro-osmotic migration is minimum, the cathode pressure must be restricted to guarantee that water only flows from the anode to the cathode. This research suggests a recent setup for producing pure ammonia by utilizing pure hydrogen generated via renewable energy sources. Using the commercial programs Aspen Plus, the suggested system is simulated, and the findings are thoroughly analyzed. The developed system is examined in several operational scenarios. To thoroughly explore the ammonia production method and determine the impact of temperatures and pressures on the ammonia manufacture capacity, stoichiometric reactors have been used in aspen plus. Approximately 112,261.44 tons of green NH3 are produced on an annual basis. An economic assessment of PEMEL was conducted, focusing on determining the technology's payback period based on various economic assumptions. From a broader perspective of the green NH3 plant, the total installation cost was calculated to be $207.87 million, while the operational costs amounted to $194.76 million. Additionally, the total annual sales of ammonia and oxygen gas were calculated to be $294.29 million. These figures were derived based on the assumption of an electrolyzer cost of 1,000 $/kW in 2022 and an electricity cost of 0.04 $/kWh. Thu, 01 Jun 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/21722 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z