http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/18 Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:07:42 GMT 2025-07-05T00:07:42Z http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/17481 Title: IMPACT OF LANDUSE AND CLIMATE CHANGE ON GROUNDWATER IN UPPER GANGA CANAL COMMAND Authors: Mishra, Nitin Abstract: In nineteen century, as the technology leads the world, observation vision of researcher in global and regional level changes likewise in the field of environment science as well as in the view of technology. Tremendous Change Land use cover is observed in last few decades due to increase in urbanization all around the world. These will continue in the future too. In this study the effect of land use / land cover and climate change on groundwater recharge is carry out Upper Ganga Canal Command area of 10375 Km2 in Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh. Due to decrease in land cover area the recharge zone of ground water also shrinks over past few years, and which reflect more concern studies towards groundwater qualitative and quantity work. Therefore, increased in urbanization results in decrease in infiltration rate and finally impact the groundwater storage and recharge. The ground water storage is reducing as to fulfill the demand of increasing population with limited surface water available. Quality inputs on the rate and pattern of land use change is essential for proper planning and management. It is necessary to detect the land use change for the past and present existing one, its spatial distribution pattern and likely changes are vital requirement for planning and management. Proper land use and land cover planning and management must be done so as to provide open lands and to have rainwater harvesting structures in each and every buildings for the recharge of groundwater which will lead to the socio-economic up-liftment of a region and country as a whole. Thus, land use and land cover changes have to be assessed accurately using traditional as well as latest techniques viz. Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS). Although the mankind has lived in close relationship with nature and as rapid population increase, rise in demands of water will also increase as per domestic proposes as well as industrial activities and that led to rapid change. And these changes are easily observed by increase in temperature and uncertainty of rainfall in all around the world. As the climate is changing and the land use patterns is also changing though out the year it will increase the stress on the atmosphere, and development of natural resources likewise decline in the rate of ground water recharge Sat, 01 Jun 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/17481 2013-06-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/17480 Title: A STUDY ON ENVIRONMENTAL FLOW ESTIMATION FOR A CASCADE TYPE HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT Authors: Musonda, Mulenga Abstract: 11 can be seen from the current trend that there is a rise for clean, cheap and more effective energy resource throughout the world. The usage and purpose of cascade type hydropower has also risen in the last ten years. Most hydropower structures are designed as multipurpose projects which include water supply, agriculture and flood mitigation and helps in sustaining the development. This type of energy resource has been considered, through research, as the major source of renewable energy in the world and accounts for 18% of total energy supply. This important type of energy which is readily available due to naturally occurrence of water may be a breakthrough in delivering different household services, driving engines and providing heat to billions of people who are currently in short of access, out of which the majority is found in Africa. This form of energy can stimulate tremendous economic and environmental benefits to the poorest countries. There are two types of cascade type hydropower schemes namely, storage and run-off river. The storage type hydropower involves construction of a storage reservoir for energy generation in which an estimated amount of flow is released as minimum flow. Under run-off river scheme, only estimated amount of flow required for energy generation is diverted and the rest is allowed to flow downstream as environmental flow. Despite the advantages and benefits of cascade type hydropower, the diversions and storage alters the flow regime downstream of the river and this is destructive to the ecosystem. This calls for a need to estimate an amount of flow which must be available all the time in the river. This amount of flow can either be released or allowed to flow downstream to maintain the ecosystem and is known as minimum or environmental flow. 1herefore, more than 200 different ways of estimating minimum flows are used worldwide. Most hydropower projects have still been carried out worldwide without accurately estimating environmental flows. Most countries base the environmental flow estimation on 90% dependable year which is not reliable as it has no justification on factors such as groundwater, sediments, channel characteristics, temperature, water quality etc. The problem is that there are no fixed guide lines to decide how much water is required to optimally maintain the ecosystem. Therefore, the objective of this study is to review the existing methods in detail and thoroughly study their applicability. In this study, four approaches are reviewed namely Hydrologic, Hydraulic, habitat and Holistic. The hydrologic and 1-lydraulic approaches arc briefly discussed while the more reliable and data intensive ones, Habitat Simulation and 1-lolistic are discussed in detail. Amount of data required, steps for estimations and worked examples are outlined for each methodology. In conclusion, each method has conditions of application which have been outlined together with their advantages and disadvantages. Sat, 01 Jun 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/17480 2013-06-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/17479 Title: ACTIVE AND REACTIVE POWER CONTROL OF DOUBLY FED INDUCTION MACHINE Authors: Vaish, Jayati Abstract: The statistical data conveys that Doubly Fed Induction Machine (DFIM) is the most j common machine used now-a-days in the emergent renewable energy market. The DFIM is an induction machine with a wound rotor where stator and rotor both are connected to electrical sources, hence the term given as "doubly-fed". Usually, the stator circuit is directly connected to the grid while the rotor winding is connected via slip-rings to the three phase converter. Now-a-days DFIM is an integrated part of generation as well as automation system. Therefore, any abnormalities associates with grid are going to affect the system performance considerably. Taking into this in account, the basic concept behind the total system (DFIM with back-to-back converters) is that the machine-side converter controls the active and reactive power by controlling the d-q components of rotor current (i.e. i, and i,,), while the grid-side converter controls the dc link voltage and ensures the operation at unity power factor by making the reactive power drawn by the system from the utility grid to zero. Due to bidirectional converter in the rotor circuit the DFIM is able to work as a generator and motor in both super synchronous and sub synchronous modes with a rotor speed range around synchronous speed. In this thesis, the theory of operation and simulation for the control technique is presented. A mathematical model for DFIM is proposed. Afterwards the vector control or stator flux oriented control practice is established for active and reactive power control for utility grid. The simulation models of DFIM as well as vector control are developed in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The results are analyzed and discussed for the control technique presented. Sat, 01 Jun 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/17479 2013-06-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/17475 Title: DESIGN ANALYSIS FOR RIVER DIVERSION OF THE BEAS RIVER NEAR KULLU Authors: Shadab, Ahmad Abstract: The dissertation topic is design analysis for river diversion of the Beas River near Kullu. The Beas River is joined by the Parvati River and the combined flow goes down stream alongside the Bhunter Airport. The river hydrology of the Beas is undergoing modification due to a dam being constructed on the Parvati River. Now in the changed scenario, it is proposed to conduct comprehensive design analysis for possible diversion of the Beas River on the downstream side of the Bhunter Airport to open up required land space for extending the runway by length of about 660 meter. The dissertation includes an in-depth critical study of river behavior and hydraulics. Study of diversion of the Beas river on the downstream side of the Bhunter Airport has been done with pilot channel of tractive force ratio method. Also the analysis of the new pilot channel has been done with ID-mathematical modeling using HEC-RAS. Modeling is the modern technique to determine both short-term and long-term river channel responses to any change in the environment. It include the analysis of sediment transport capacity of the Beas River and the excavated pilot channel Sat, 01 Jun 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/17475 2013-06-01T00:00:00Z