http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/119 Thu, 07 May 2026 19:21:08 GMT 2026-05-07T19:21:08Z http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/20053 Title: Concentric Innovation: A Guiding Relationship with Value Chain Marketing Authors: Neha Abstract: Business history and literature are rich with examples of organizations across various sectors launching products and services that drive success for the firm. Numerous factors contribute to their success, and the literature has extensively documented them. However, one key factor driving sustained success is innovation. Organizations built on a foundation of innovation remain continuously relevant to their customers. However, not all innovations lead to success—some, despite their brilliance, fail to propel organizations forward. This suggests that certain types of innovation foster success, while others may not. Through the course of this research and an in-depth analysis of various business cases, it was noticed that certain innovations are so powerful that they reinforce the entire organization. These innovations are consistently observed in all successful organizations. What makes these innovations unique is their ability to drive further innovation across the business, creating a chain reaction that fuels continuous transformation. Moreover, their impact extends beyond the organization itself, strengthening the entire value chain and fostering innovation at a broader level. For example, IKEA introduced rectangular packaging boxes to address transportation and logistics challenges. This innovation, in turn, inspired the manufacturing unit to design products that could be disassembled to fit into these boxes. Since then, IKEA has continued to innovate around this concept, shaping its approach to storage, inventory management, manufacturing, and retailing—all optimized for rectangular packaging. This illustrates that a single, core innovation can drive numerous other innovations within an organization and beyond, influencing other members in the value chain. Such innovation can be referred to as ‘Concentric Innovation’. Sat, 01 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/20053 2025-03-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/17375 Title: PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS: A FUNCTION OF HUMAN RESOURCES DEPLOYMENT ANDEXPENDITURE Authors: Kumar, Suman Abstract: In the growing economics like India, banking sector is reckoned as hub and barometer of the financial system. This sector has been recognized as the major pillar of the Indian economy which plays a predominant role in the sustainable economic development of country. Hence, there is a need to utilize HR expenditure as strategic investment. Thus, balanced HR expenditure and HR deployment at optimum level is vital for overall performance of banking organization. Human Resource Deployment planning is an integral approach for managing such dynamic and fast changing situations. Since man is one of the primary sources of wealth creation, proper deployment of human potential will have an immense pay off for any organization. The effective deployment of the HR of an organization is the main aspect of HR planning. HR deployment under the HR planning is now one of the effective means for accomplishing the business of the organization. The HR utilization refers to phenomenon in which available HR is deployed effectively for the maximum achievement of organizational or national goals and objectives by the individuals or by collective efforts. Human capital can he rcgwded as business need to invest in the asset to ensure its survival and growth. The major employee expenditure comes from direct indirect forms of compensation, usually wages and fringe benefits. The focus on HR expenditure with a rich history of data based research, including staffing, training, workplace health, employee attitudes, and employee turnover, which also represent some of the most important strategic HR function. Efficiency is the central terms used in assessing and measuring the performance of organizations. Performance, in both profit and non-profit organizations, can be defined as an appropriate combination of efficiency and effectiveness. The data is gathered from 26 to 28 'I' PSBs existed in India during the F.Y. 2003-04 to F.Y. 2011-12. The input and output variables of PSBs are available in the form of secondary data. In this study we have selected Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for measuring the efficiency of banks because DEA is best suited analysis tool for measuring the banking efficiency all over the world. DEA is a relatively new "data oriented" approach for evaluating the performance of a set of peer entities called Decision Making Units (DMUs) which convert 91 multiple inputs into multiple outputs. DEA, which is a non-parametric, multi-factor, productivity analysis tool, considers multiple input and output measurements in evaluation of relative efficiencies of DMUs suc.h as banks. In this study DEA frontier software is being used, which is the latest software. The DEA frontier used Excel solver and it does not set any limit on the number of DMUs. DEA frontier has been designed to run as many as DEA models as possible to overcome the limitations set by standard Excel solver. DEA frontier has a version "DEA Frontier Open Solver Xlam" that is designed for use with the open source COIN- or CBC optimization engine via open solver. This version of DEA frontier can solve large signed DEA problems. Through the above mentioned software, the efficiency of DMUs can be measured by its different models like multiplier models, envelopment models, returns to scale models, super efficiency models. However in this study only those models are selected for which different DEA analysis literatures on banking are available. The main difficulty in any application of DEA is •1 in the selection of inputs and outputs. The criticality in making selection of these inputs and outputs is quite subjective. The study presents the details of the analyses carried out to examine the rehionslups of the variables represented in the theoretical models. This study has been carried on two models. The first model of this study examines the relation between HR deployment and performance of PSBs with number of employees and fixed assets as the independent variables and investment, loan / advances and non-interest income as dependent variables. The second model of this study examines the relationship between HR expenditure and performance of PSBs with expenditure on wages as independent variables and with deposit and non-interest income as dependent variables. Banking sector occupies a crucial place in undertaking the development efforts and acts as a vehicle for socio-economic transformation as well as catalyst to economic growth. The banks are backbone of any financial system and after independence there has been tremendous change in baking practices. If the assessment of staff deployment is carried out on the basis of activity analysis and productivity criteria, it could be possible to attain higher business volume with minimum staff thus HR expenditure can be substantially reduced and bank profitability improved. Results show these models establish a link between HR expenditure and performance of PBs. The results under the return-to-scale show that maximum PSBs are on DRS. So for bringing them at CRS or optimum level it is necessary to ascertain quality of inputs i.e. proper iv HR deployment. The slack analysis also suggests regarding the improvement in HR deployment and control on expenditure on HR towards attaining the efficiency. The super efficiency model also suggests where the requirements of adjustment of inputs lies like 4 number of employees and expenditure on wages for getting more efficiency. In this way this study not only established empirical relation between HR deployment and HR expenditure with the performance of PSBs but also suggests the diagnosis for improvement and accordingly management of PSBs can take decision. Mon, 01 Jul 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/17375 2013-07-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/17374 Title: ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE AND ROLE EFFICACY - AS PREDICTORS OF MANAGERIAL EFFECTIVENESS Authors: Kumar, Umesh Abstract: exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were employed respectively to obtain the factor structure and fitness of the obtained factor pattern on the focused sample. In third phase of analysis, study hypotheses were tested; test of differences such as independent sample t test and one way ANOVA and multiple hierarchical regressions were employed. Mediation and moderated mediation was checked by using bootstrap approach through structural equation modeling (SEM). Conclusively, research fmdings suggest that the constituents of organizational climate and role efficacy can boost managerial effectiveness. Additionally, fmdings exhibited the importance of demographic variables on the casual paths between organizational climate, role efficacy and managerial effectiveness. Conversely, study indicates little evidences that demographic variables cause the occurrence of perceptual difference in study variables (organizational climate, role efficacy and managerial effectiveness). The study has many key implications. Firstly, it established the reliability and validity of instruments for measuring the organizational climate, role efficacy and managerial effectiveness in Indian context. Subsequently, it exhibited the functions of organizational climate and role efficacy on managerial effectiveness through testing a complex mediation and conditional mediation model. Therefore, added in the existing literature. Present work also recommends the relevance of employing SEM in pursuance of complex casual behavior models. Strategies to achieve organizational competitiveness through effectiveness of organizational members could be drawn on these research findings Fri, 01 Mar 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/17374 2013-03-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/17356 Title: PERFORMANCE EVALUATION AND FLOW ALLOCATION 04 DECISION MODEL FOR SUSTAINABLE SUPPLY CHAIN Authors: Jakhar, Suresh Kumar Abstract: The thesis proposes a sustainable supply chain performance evaluation, partner selection and flow optimization decision making model. Both qualitative as well as quantitative criteria are considered to gauge the sustainable supply chain performance, having the objectives of economic growth, environmental protection, and societal development. A three echelon supply chain network is considered which includes different suppliers, manufacturers, and distributors. An integrated methodology of structural equation modeling (SEM), fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP), and fuzzy multi-objective linear programming (FMOLP), has been applied to the proposed model. The methodology is realized in three stages. In the first stage. SEM approach is applied to estimate the weightage of the sustainable supply chain performance evaluation criteria and their sub criteria. In the second stage, FAlIP is applied in finding the relative weightage of available alternatives for partnership at different stages of the supply chain. The relative weights of the alternatives are calculated with respect to the sustainable supply chain performance evaluation criteria and their sub criteria. The weights estimated by SEM approach and FAHP approach are combined together to obtain the overall relative weightings of the supply chain alternatives available at different stages of the chain. Finally, in the third stage FMOLP approach is applied to partner selection and flow allocation to optimize the overall sustainable performance. The proposed model is demonstrated with a sample of Indian apparel industry supply chain network. For sustainable supply chain performance evaluation, 3 criteria and 19 sub criteria are selected based on the analysis of existing literature and subsequently followed by suggestions from the experts in academia as well as practitioners working in the Indian apparel industry supply chain network. The 3 selected criteria are sustainable supplier partnership performance, sustainable production performance, sustainable delivery and logistics performance. A structured questionnaire was designed to obtain the respondents' perception to know how important the above mentioned criteria and their sub criteria are. The questionnaire was administered using a mail survey to 496 organizations having at least 10 years of their operational experience. 278 usable respoiises were received which result in 56% response rate. A second order confirmatory SEM model is formulated to estimate the relative weightage of above mentioned criteria and their sub criteria based on the responses. The results indicate satisfactory reliability, validity, and overall model fit. The reliabilities of the different measures included in the model ranges from 0.95 to 0.98 thus indicating good item reliability. The composite reliabilities for all the constructs are above the threshold value of 0.70 (ranging from0.95 to 0.98), indicating high reliability for all the constructs (Fornell and Larcker, 1981). The average variance extracted values ranged from 0.93 to 0.98, exceeding the 0.50 threshold value and indicates good convergent validity. The overall fit indices for the proposed model with, Chi square/df= 1.62, RMSEA = 0.048, GFI = 0.914, CFl = 0.985, indicates an acceptable fit (Fornell and Larcker, 1981).The results indicate that highest weightage is given to sustainable production performance (0.71) followed by sustainable supplier partnership performance (0.62) and finally, sustainable delivery and logistic performance (0.47) to improve the overall sustainable apparel industry supply chain performance. To demonstrate the FAI-IP approach application, a case study of Indian apparel industry's supply chain network is exercised. In the case study, a set of 3 fabric suppliers, apparel manufacturers, and distributers are considered at each stage respectively. The relative weightages of the suppliers, manufacturers, and distributors are calculated by the FAHP approach with respect to each sustainable supply chain performance evaluation criteria and their sub-criteria. The weights estimated by SEM approach (for sustainable supply chain performance evaluation criteria and their sub-criterion) are combined with the relative weights calculated by the FAI-IP approach (for suppliers, manufacturers and distributors) to obtain the overall relative weights of the suppliers, manufacturers and distributors. These overall weights are used in the FMOLP model formulation for flow allocation decision making. In the FMOLP model formulation, the expected demand at 3 distribution centers, for 3 different time periods are considered. The five objective functions as; (1) Maximizing the Total Value of Sustainable Purchasing Performance, (2) Maximizing the Total Value of Sustainable Production, (3) Maximizing the Total Value of Sustainable Deliver and Logistics Performance, (4) Minimization of Total Cost, (5) Minimization of Total Carbon Emission are considered. By using the Zimmerman's approach, the FMOLP problem is solved. The optimization results indicate that the supply chain partners are selected and flow quantities are allocated to them who perform better on overall sustainable supply chain performance evaluation criteria. The salient characteristics of different analytical tools are combined together to bring out a reliable and effective evaluation process. The evaluation structure proposed in this thesis provides a concise approach to supply chain managers to monitor their supply chain performance with the relative importance of sustainability criteria and their sub criteria in Indian apparel industry supply chain network. Furthermore, this can help them to stimulate continuous improvements. The thesis proposes an idea that, for effective sustainability practices in the apparel industry supply chain, the proposed methodology can be used for partner selection and flow allocation decision making. Fri, 01 Mar 2013 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8081/jspui/handle/123456789/17356 2013-03-01T00:00:00Z